Topic guide · Heat · Pakistan
Heatwaves in Pakistan: what the evidence says
Are heatwaves in Pakistan getting worse? Six trusted sources in one place.
Read the guideEvidence you can trace
Research library.
Credible climate reports, explained in plain language. Every summary links to the original.
Key numbers
1.09°CWarmer than 1850 to 1900, on average over 2011 to 2020.IPCC AR6, p. 4
1.43°CWarmer than 1850 to 1900 in 2025 (give or take 0.13°C).WMO 2025, p. 8
58.4 GtBillion tonnes of greenhouse gases emitted worldwide in 2025 (give or take 5.5).UNEP 2026, p. xiv
US$16.3bnNeeded to recover and rebuild after Pakistan’s 2022 floods.PDNA 2022, p. 14
Topic guides
Topic guide · Air · Pakistan
Smog in Pakistan: what the evidence says
Why smog returns every winter, how much harm it does, and what to do on a bad air day.
Read the guide
Claim checks · Pakistan and South Asia
Heard this claim? Common climate claims, checked
Short, sourced answers to climate claims people share about Pakistan and South Asia.
Read the claimsReport summaries
13 resources
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) · 2023
IPCC AR6 Synthesis Report: Climate Change 2023
Human activity has caused warming; faster action can limit future harm.
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Government of Pakistan, with support from the Asian Development Bank, European Union, United Nations agencies and World Bank · 2022
Pakistan Floods 2022 Post-Disaster Needs Assessment: what did the floods cost?
Damage, economic losses and recovery needs are separate estimates.
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World Meteorological Organization · 2025
WMO State of the Global Climate 2025: what does the latest report show?
The atmosphere and ocean continue to warm, while global sea-level rise accelerates.
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United Nations Environment Programme · 2026
UNEP Emissions Gap Report 2026: what is the emissions gap?
National pledges fall short of the global cuts needed to limit temperature overshoot.
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Radio Pakistan announcement coverage · 2026
Pakistan Clean Air Fund announcement
What was announced, what we could confirm, and which details are still unclear.
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Ministry of Climate Change and Environmental Coordination, Pakistan · 2023
Pakistan National Adaptation Plan 2023: the key points
How Pakistan plans to adapt to heat, floods and water stress.
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Government of Pakistan · 2025
Pakistan NDC 3.0 (2025): the 2035 targets explained
Up to 50% by 2035, but two thirds depends on international finance.
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World Bank Group · 2022
World Bank Pakistan CCDR: what climate change costs Pakistan
Heat, floods and air pollution as costs to the economy.
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World Meteorological Organization · 2026
WMO State of the Climate in Asia 2025: what it means for Pakistan
Asia warming faster, glaciers shrinking, and Pakistan’s 2025 monsoon floods.
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Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) · 2022
IPCC AR6 Chapter 10: what it says about South Asia
Heat, monsoon, Indus water, glaciers, food and health, with confidence levels.
Read the summaryUse the original report for citations. Each summary keeps the source, page and uncertainty close to the finding.
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